How to enter foreign phone number in "Address and phone number"? + is automatically replaced with ( when entering.

TurboTax does not allow the entry of a foreign phone number.  Some forms require a phone number and only a US number can be used.  IRS specifications must be met as well.

You can use a number such as 111-111-1111 which will be recognized by the IRS as a place-holder.  Or you can use a phone number of a US relative. The IRS doesn't ordinarily  initiate any calls to taxpayers.