Do disabled veterans receive a property tax credit or break in Texas, and how?

TX does not have a state income tax. See answer below.

He asked about property tax, not income.

Yes, disabled veterans can qualify for significant property tax savings in Texas. 

However, this is not done through your tax return. You must apply for it by submitting the appropriate form to your local appraisal district. The pdf form you need is located under the heading "May I file for a disabled veterans exemption after the deadline has passed?" at the link: https://comptroller.texas.gov/taxes/property-tax/exemptions/disabledvet-faq.php