I moved from NH to MA in July of 2024. MA states that in order to be a MA resident, you have to live in the state the majority of the year. I did not. Am I a MA resident?

Per the Mass.gov website, you would be considered a part-year resident since you didn't live there for the full year:

In the Personal Info section of TT, enter your state of residence as MA.  Indicate that you also lived in another state (NH) and then enter the date that you began living in MA.  This will prompt the program to generate a part-year resident MA tax return.

All the income you earned after you began living in MA is taxable by MA.