U.S. Public Law 106-489 states that a mariner "who performs regularly assigned duties while engaged as a master, officer, or crewman on a vessel operating on the navigable waters of more than one State" is subject to state income tax only in his State of Residence.
https://www.congress.gov/106/plaws/publ489/PLAW-106publ489.pdf
There is no provision of which I am aware that exempts a mariner from paying taxes to his resident state if he works out of state for more than 180 days. You may want to review the tax laws of your resident state.