You are correct. If you did not take out a distribution or performed a rollover, you will not receive a 1099-R. (Even though a rollover is not taxable, it still must be reported). However, if you had no money come out, then you won't receive this form.
If you are still planning to contribute to your IRA for 2016 you have until April 18, 2017 to do so, but you may file now and claim the deduction (and perhaps credit as well). Here's an answer I provided with more information on this: https://ttlc.intuit.com/replies/5742227