I sent my 2022 check to the IRS. They converted my check into an electronic withdrawal and are now saying I didn’t pay. My bank statement shows they took my payment.

Show them a copy of the bank statement that has the information whereby the taxes owed were paid and the name of the payee was the IRS/US Treasury.

How did you send the check?  Did you include it with your tax return or did you send it separately with the 1040V voucher?   Check you IRS account.  Maybe they applied it as an estimated payment towards 2023.  Some people sent the check with the 1040-ES estimated payment slip instead of the 1040V voucher so it got applied to next year.  

I had a similar problem. I contacted my bank and they are researching.  The payment showed up as a "transfer," and two weeks after clearing my bank, it was posted to my tax account.  Strange.

I recently have had the same experience.  Clearly shows on my bank statement it went to US Treasury for one of our estimated tax payments.  IRS has no record and is holding me responsible to get a document locator number.  IRS will not recognize the bank statement as proof I paid said funds.  Currently a penalty and interest are being assessed on amount IRS says we owe.  IRS initiated the ARC for electronic transfer.

Any suggestions?

@beck53 call your bank, explain the situation, and ask what documentation they can provide. 

I had a similar problem. My bank was able to provide documentation that the payment went to IRS. IRS has still not provided copies of checks  to my bank, but a least IRS has acknowledged the payment.  Maybe a DOGE took it home with them. 🙂