I received a SSA-1099-R OP1 for an overpayment that I made to SSA in 2023. Why does this not reduce my taxable income since I paid taxes on it the year before?

Social Security overpayments of more than $3000 are treated like an itemized deduction or you can take a credit. If you report it like an itemized deduction, you may not have enough deductions to itemize thus doesn't reduce your taxable income. The first $3000 of social security payments are no longer deductible due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2018. To claim the excess over $3000 as a deduction:

 

1. Sign in to your account and open (or continue) your tax return.
2. Select Federal, then Deductions and Credits.
3. Scroll down to Other Deductions and Credits (you may need to select See All Tax Breaks and/or Show More).
4. Scroll down to Other Deductible Expenses and select Start (or Revisit).
5. Answer the questions until you get to the Did you have any of these other expenses? screen.
6. Select Yes.
7. On the Tell us about your other expenses screen, enter the amount of the repayment in the Claim of right repayment over $3,000 box and select Continue.

You may also submit this as a credit but it will require some work on your part.

 

Note: You may need to install the software and transfer your online data to the desktop program first.

There are two steps to taking the credit in TurboTax: figuring the credit, and applying the credit.

• First, you’ll need to determine the amount of tax that was overpaid in the year you reported the income.
• You can manually calculate the amount, or you can use TurboTax CD/Download to calculate it for you. Make sure you use the same version of TurboTax that you used when you paid the taxes.

Figuring the credit

1. Sign in to your account.
2. Select the return for the year you received the money (For example, if you're repaying money you received in 2022, open your 2022 tax return).
3. Select Save As in Windows or Copy in Mac to save a copy of the return. This is the form you'll be working in for this part.
4. Select Forms in the upper-right corner.
5. Select Form 1040 from the list on the left to open the form (or Form 1040-SR, if applicable).
6. Find the Total Tax line and make a note of this number.
7. Adjust the income you originally reported by subtracting the amount you repaid. For example, if you reported $50,000 in income, but had to repay $9,000, you'll adjust the income to $41,000.
8. After you enter the updated income, TurboTax will automatically calculate your updated tax liability. To determine your Claim of Right Credit, subtract the amount of the updated tax liability from the original tax liability.

Next, you’ll apply the credit. To do this, you’ll need the current year of TurboTax CD/Download.

Applying the credit

1. Return to the current tax year (The credit can only be applied using the Forms mode in the TurboTax CD/Download product).
2. Select the Forms icon.
3. Choose 1040/1040SR  Wks from the list on the left and the worksheet will appear.
4. Scroll down to the Other Credits and Payments Smart Worksheet (you can find this in a box near the end of the worksheet).
5. Enter the credit amount you calculated on Line D, Claim of Right, IRC 1341 credit for repayments of prior year income.
6. Select the Step-by-Step or Easy Step icon in the upper-right corner to return to the interview mode and finish working on your tax return.