I never received the 1099-C, can the IRS give me the information I need?

Yes, if a 1099-C was issued to you.  You will want to obtain a Wage & Income Transcript from the IRS.  That transcript shows data from information returns reported to the IRS, such as W-2s, 1099s and 1098s.   It will provide the same information as was on your actual W-2 forms. You can request that by using IRS Form 4506-T.  

Here is the link for the various IRS Transcript Types.  Also, here is the link to IRS Form 4506-T.