Federal tax was withdrawn from my total 1099-R (INH RMD) even though $800 was wired to a qualified charitable organization. How do I correct the overtaxed amount?

You were not necessarily overtaxed.  You did not pay the tax on your distribution yet but rather had a withholding towards the tax obligation you might have from the distribution.   The 1099-R is reported in TurboTax as income under the Income and Expense section and if there are excess withholdings then they will be included in the refund that you receive.