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New Member
posted Jul 12, 2020 2:17:23 PM

What year is income reported?

I am an attorney. I received a settlement check that was held in escrow for several months. Attorney fee was not paid until the following year. What year should this be reported as income?

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3 Replies
Level 8
Jul 13, 2020 5:11:19 PM

I'm a little confused.

You're the attorney.  The settlement check was in your escrow account, or someone else's escrow account?

 

Attorney fee was paid to you or a different attorney?

 

Generally speaking, on the cash basis of accounting, income is generally reported when the money is received.  On the accrual method of accounting, income is recorded when the right to have the income is established.

 

The following is a general discussion for consideration and does not constitute either legal or tax advice.  Some of the information is taken from the IRS Attorneys Audit Technique Guide of March 2011

 

If you received the settlement check in your escrow account, and the attorney's fee was paid to you, what controlled the delay of payment out of the escrow account to you?  If you just delayed paying yourself, then the income would be reported in the year you received it.  If the fee you received was controlled by outside circumstances and the amount of fee to be received was not yet determinable, then the year you received the fee would be the year it would be reported. 

 

Generally, after a case has been settled,  and the settlement is
received, the attorney's fee is both determinable and available and therefore should be
included in income.

 

Specific Retainer
This is an agreed fee to perform services for a particular case or matter. The attorney
typically sends an engagement letter to the client explaining the terms of the fee
arrangement. The fee arrangement may be based on an hourly fee plus costs or for a set
amount irrespective of how many hours the matter takes. The attorney may also request that the client prepay a portion of their fees before the matter is accepted. This advance
payment may be deposited into a trust account with transfers made for part or all of the
money to the general account as it is earned.

Generally, if the attorney is on a cash basis


of accounting, the retainer is taxable when received.

 

Contingent Fee

 

In this type of fee arrangement, the attorney earns an agreed upon percentage of theamount of their client’s recovery (either in settlement or awarded in litigation), plus costs.Case time is not a factor in determining the amount of the fee. The focus is on theultimate amount recovered for the client and what percentage the client agrees to pay theattorney. This type of arrangement is common in personal injury cases. Attorneystypically receive one-third of the recovery, but the contingency amount may varyaccording to whether the case is settled or resolved through litigation. The totalsettlement is deposited into the attorney's trust account. The attorney then has theresponsibility of disbursing the funds. The disbursements may include litigation costs, theattorney's fee, and reimbursement to the attorney of any advanced costs. The remainingproceeds are distributed to the client. Amounts paid to the attorney from the trust accountthat do not represent advanced costs are includible in the attorney's gross income. Net feeand gross fee contingency arrangements are discussed in more detail under advancedclient costs, below. A review of the books and records is necessary to determine if areimbursement payment needs to be included in gross income or if it is an offset to actualexpenses incurred.The appropriate state licensing agency may have specific limits or guidelines regardingthe amount of contingency fees an attorney may charge. 

 

Constructive ReceiptIncome may be earned under the doctrine of constructive receipt. This is an exception tothe general rule that taxpayers on the cash basis of accounting must have actual receipt ofincome before it is taxable. Income is constructively received if it is subject to thedemand of a taxpayer and there are no substantial limitations or conditions on the right toreceive it. (Treas. Reg. section 1.451-2.)

 

 

 

Returning Member
Feb 19, 2021 12:08:36 PM

I didn't get not one stimulus check r my 2019 refund please help me find out what is going on

Expert Alumni
Feb 21, 2021 7:47:07 AM

You may view your stimulus payments at the IRS Get My Payment Tool here.

 

You may have to speak directly with the IRS by telephone.  Service is not always available but you can reach the IRS here:

 

Individuals

800-829-1040

7 a.m. to 7 p.m. local time

 

To find out about your refunds, you may also want to view or create an IRS Account.  See this.

 

Online Account is an online system that allows you to securely access your individual account information.  You may view:

  • The amount you owe, updated for the current calendar day
  • Your balance details by year
  • Your payment history and any scheduled or pending payments
  • Key information from your most recent tax return
  • Payment plan details, if you have one
  • Digital copies of select notices from the IRS
  • Your Economic Impact Payments (EIP 1 and EIP 2), if any

Access IRS Get Transcript at this webpage.  You may request online or by mail.  There are different transcript types but you probably want the Tax Return Transcript.

 

IRS form 4506-T Request for Transcript of Tax Return can be used to request by mail.

 

If you have not received one or both of your stimulus checks, you will receive your payment in the form of a Recovery Rebate Credit on line 30 of your 2020 Federal tax return when you file.

 

TurboTax will compare your one or two stimulus payment amounts to the computations within TurboTax.  The computations within TurboTax are based upon the information that you have entered into the tax software.  If you are due an additional amount, it will be issued as a Recovery Rebate Credit (RRC) on line 30 of the 2020 1040 tax return.

 

In TurboTax Online, you are prompted to input stimulus check 1 and stimulus check 2 information under Review down the left hand side of the screen.

 

You can access your stimulus check choices by following these steps: 

  • Down the left side of the screen, click on Federal.
  • Across the top of the screen, click on Other Tax Situations.
  • At the screen Let’s keep going to wrap up.  Click on Let’s keep going.
  • At the screen Let’s make sure you got the right stimulus amount, click Continue.
  • At the screen Did you get a stimulus payment? you can update your stimulus check entries. 

See also this TurboTax Help.