You should check your credit reports for any suspicious activity and inaccuracies. You can get your free credit reports from the web site below.
https://www.annualcreditreport.com/index.action
With respect to phone calls, the best you can do is block numbers and do not answer calls if you do not recognize the caller (assuming you have caller ID).
Boy I'm glad I finally got Caller ID. I get a dozen calls a day. Some even show my own name and number! Lots of scammers out there. Get lots of call from "Microsoft" saying my computer is infected. Oh and "Medicare" calls to say I need new plastic cards. I called Medicare the first time and they do not send plastic cards. The IRS, SS, and Medicare NEVER will call you. Don't answer or Hang Up!