If you're a US citizen, then your worldwide income is taxable on your US tax return. But you can generally use the Foreign Tax Credit to get a credit for the foreign taxes you paid.
Foreign rentals still go on your Schedule E. They are depreciated over 30 years instead of 27.5 (assuming it's not a short-term rental). You may have a requirement to file a form 8858, and there are other requirements if you have a foreign bank account.