No. You needed a valid Social Security Number or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN) to file 1040 US Individual Return and a state income tax return. Students holding F-1 and J-1 status who are employed in the U.S. must apply for a Social Security number. Dependents in F-2 status are not eligible for a Social Security number. Students who will not work on campus but who receive a taxable scholarship should apply for an Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN) for tax purposes.
A Social Security number (SSN) is issued to track earnings over a worker’s lifetime (not a work permit).