Does my child need to file taxes if they made under 10k and are a full time college student.

Probably not.  If their income was only from working at a job as an employee,  then no they would not need to file a return since their income is less than $14,600 unless they had taxes withheld and would like to claim a refund.

If they had income from self-employment over $400 then yes, they would need to file a return. 

You do not report his/her income on your return. If it has to be reported, at all, it goes on his own return. If your dependent child is under age 19 (or under 24 if a full time student), he or she must file a tax return for 2024 if he had any of the following:

1.  Total income (wages, salaries, taxable scholarship etc.) of more than $14,600 ($13,850 for2023).
2.  Unearned income (interest, dividends, capital gains, unemployment, taxable portion of 529 distribution) of more than $1300 ($1250 for 2023). 
3. Unearned income over $450 and gross income of more than $1300.
4.  Household employee income (e.g. baby sitting, lawn mowing) over $2600 ($14,600 if under age 18)
5.  Other self employment income over $432, including money on a form 1099-NEC

Even if he had less, he is allowed to file if he needs to get back income tax withholding. He cannot get back social security or Medicare tax withholding.

In TurboTax, he indicates that somebody else can claim him as a dependent, at the personal information section.