Why would I qualify for a $604 Qualified Business Income deduction when I don't have a business?

You have sec 199a dividends, invest in a REIT / partnership or have rental property. You can check your 1099DIV, K1, or sch E.

Here are some QBI links:

• Qualified Business Income Deduction | Internal Revenue ...
• What is QBI? IRS newsroom
• QBI FAQ
• Basic questions and answers on new 20-percent deduction for pass-through businesses
• Pass-through Entity
• Patrons and Cooperatives
• Rental FAQs
• FAQs
• Final Regulations (PDF)
• Notice 2018-64 (PDF)
• Instructions to Form 1040 (PDF)
• Publication 535 (PDF)
• Tax Reform Basics for the Qualified Business Income Deduction (199A)