Not sure what you mean by "received" a 1040V. Do you mean that today you printed out your return and the 1040V printed with it? That is a normal inclusion when you print your return. If you know that you already paid your tax due as shown on line 37 of your Form 1040, then you do not need to do anything with the 1040V. But check your bank account or credit card account to make sure the payment went through. Your only proof that you paid your tax due will be your own bank or credit card record.
No, you do not still owe if you paid your full tax balance due when you filed your tax return. You were able to choose the date you wanted to make your payment so you should check your payment with your financial institution.
As indicated by xmasbaby0, it's not quite clear what you mean by receiving your 1040-V.