Reading on the below page, it seems like you can apply for an ITIN at the time of filing. But the turbotax web interface will not let me finnish my documents without an ITIN. I am a foreigner who doesn't live in the US anymore, so I have to do all of this over mail.
Since you are a nonresident alien you cannot use TurboTax because you need to file a Form 1040-NR and TurboTax does not support that form.
See this TurboTax support FAQ for the TurboTax partner Sprintax which assists nonresident aliens with the Form 1040-NR - https://ttlc.intuit.com/turbotax-support/en-us/help-article/tax-forms/turbotax-handle-form-1040-nr-nonresident-aliens/L6XqFCkC3_US_en_US?uid=ltf01don
I think I pass the Substantial Presence Test for 2023, therefor counting as resident for tax purposes in 2023 and need to file this way.
To file 1040 as a resident for tax purposes, you will need to apply for a ITIN (assuming that you are not eligible for a Social Security number).
You will include a signed Form W-7 and original or certified copies of required identification information. If you don't wish to send original documents with your tax return, you can find a Certifying Acceptance Agent near you to assist with the identity verification process. A list of these can be found HERE.