How do I know that my Federal taxes will be taken out of my bank account automatically? I filed them a few days ago and nothing had popped up still.

That is not unusual.

• The IRS will receive, accept and process the tax return before issuing a refund or tax due.
• Your taxes are considered filled with a postmark. or when accepted by the IRS.

And...if you did not specify a date for the direct debit it defaults to the filing deadline of April 15, 2025.   Watch your own bank account for the withdrawal.  They will not send you anything to show that the payment was taken out.