Do you know if the federal taxes that I owe has been taken from my bank account today?

TurboTax does not have access to your bank account.  Nor do they know if a tax refund would have been debited from your account.  Only you will have that information.

To verify the date that Federal funds will be withdrawn from your account, confirm that funds have been transferred, or cancel the transaction up to 48 hours before the date you designated the funds to be debited, call the IRS at 1 (888) 353-4537.

https://ttlc.intuit.com/questions/1899148-when-will-my-tax-payment-go-through