Can i deduct deliquent 2015 fed taxes paid in 2017 from my state taxes for 2017?

It depends.  If you filed the federal tax return in 2015 but the tax you paid in 2017 was for income that was not included in 2015 (because it was not included or you had a credit/deduction reduced) you can- but it can only be the tax amount, not the penalty or interest (if any) that was included in your payment.

Where do you deduct it on your 2017 return?

where do i deduct it on 2017 return