You can't get the efile verification code by text. It's an email verification not a phone verification.
If you have trouble getting the code in your email, then you may be able to verify inside your Intuit Account settings. This is for Online TurboTax in a browser; navigation is different in the mobile app.
- In the left menu column scroll way down to Intuit Account.
- Then once in the account choose tab Sign In & Security.
- See if your email address has a tiny link beside it that says "not verified". If so, click that to verify.
- Perhaps once you verify it there in the account settings, it won't ask you to verify it again when you are efiling.
- Or if you no longer have access to that email address, you can update the email address that's used for notification purposes in that same section.