A repayment of the same benefits you received in 2024 (received and paid back in the same year) are not taxable. Your SSA-1099 should reflect this. The SSA should have offset your benefits in box 5 by any amount you repaid in 2024 in box 4.
Since yours does not, you should get a corrected form but seem unable to achieve this. This leaves you in a grey area.
You can enter the repayment in box 4 and wait for the IRS to ask questions. You have the proof or repayment and apparently a phone log along with this forum to back up your position.
Reference: IRS Publication 915