The reference to "SMS" would seem to indicate that you requested text notifications of when your return was accepted. You are correct that it will not work with a non-US phone number. One thing you can do in the future if this arises again, is just use a phone number that you "know" is not text capable - such as your parent's home phone landline number.

I am getting the same error message with the comment about the SMS number.

But the only place I see a phone number is within "my info", and although I do have a foreign address, I have a US number there. Is there another place I need to change my phone number?

Change your phone number to a US number in the Intuit Account of Turbo Tax.  No need to verify this number in the Intuit Account just click exit when your are done. Then go back to you return an continue filing. 

Solution: Intuit Account -> Sign In & Security -> Phone (change & save no need to verify) -> back to e-file and retry.

My phone number is from US however, Im still getting this error. Can you please help?

Change your phone number to a US number in the Intuit Account of Turbo Tax.  No need to verify this number in the Intuit Account just click exit when your are done. Then go back to you return an continue filing. 

Solution: Intuit Account -> Sign In & Security -> Phone (change & save no need to verify) -> back to e-file and retry.

I says "Your transmission didn't go through. Duplicate Social Security Number"

I checked and SSN are correct.

It says something about a social security number when you hit the Transmit returns button OR did your tax return get rejected?    Is it possible the it said SMS and not SSN?   If so, the fix is below.  You need to change your phone number on your Intuit account.  

There seems to be an issue with e-filing when there is not a US phone number listed in your Intuit Online account.   When you are signed into your account, click on Intuit Account in the bottom left corner.    The error is not from the phone number on your tax return but rather the phone number attached to your Intuit (TurboTax) account.  

Change your phone number to a US number in the Intuit Account of Turbo Tax.   No need to verify this number in the Intuit Account just click exit when you are done. Then go back to your return and continue filing.   Don't use a Google Voice number, a Skype number, or any other non-US or non-verifiable phone number.  Again, you don't have to verify the number but the number needs to be verifiable.  

You may be able to leave the phone number field blank on your Intuit account and e-file your return.  No matter which option you use, make sure to update your account with your correct phone number once your return is e-filed.  

 @theorsimon

Please help urgently. I have already implemented the fix with a verified US mobile number and I still can't e-file!!

Never mind, signed out and signed back in and it is working now. Though I got another error but I am working on that.