Retirement tax questions

Oh then you are making post tax contributions?  Yes you pay tax on it now.  Then when you start getting payments from it or take a distribution part of it will come out tax free.  The plan will keep track of it for you.  That's also why you don't have any pre-tax items listed in box 12.

The witholding is a separate calculation and issue.  You might want to increase your witholding.