You don’t need to know any of that. Just enter the income and deductions you have. Turbo Tax fills out the right forms. You enter each form you get like a W2 or 1099. Have no idea what you are talking about for background data table? If you use the Desktop program you can see and enter into the actual Forms.
Last year your Standard Deduction or Itemized Deductions are on 1040 line 12. If you itemized deductions you will have a Schedule A.
