If he is a full-time student you can claim him as a dependent and get the $500 credit for other dependents. If he was 19 at the end of 2023 and is not a student and had over $4700 of income you cannot claim him as a dependent.
But you do not ever get to deduct the living expenses you pay for a child or family member. Sorry.
IRS interview to help determine who can be claimed:
https://www.irs.gov/help/ita/who-can-i-claim-as-a-dependen
CREDIT FOR OTHER DEPENDENTS
https://ttlc.intuit.com/questions/4499708-what-is-the-500-credit-for-other-dependents-family-tax-cre...
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