1. If you are married, you cannot claim head of household. You can only file as Joint or Separate, so her standard deduction would be $12,950.
2. Yes, you could claim the EV credit as co-owner, if you filed separately with your income at $145K. If your income is over $150k, you could not claim the credit with a married filing separate status.
Be aware, that if you file separate, if one of you itemize your return, you both must itemize. This means, if one of you itemize, and the other does not have any expenses to itemize, since they lose the standard deduction, they will have no deductions at all when it comes to the standard vs itemized deductions.
The best way to do this is to run both scenarios in TurboTax, even if you create a "dummy" account and just enter the numbers. This will tell you exactly which way is best for you to file.
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