A Code 31 subtraction on your VA return is a deduction for retirement plan income that was taxed by another state. In the VA state interview in the "Income" section in the list of "Retirement" topics you will find the "Retirement Income Adjustment" topic. "Revisit" that topic to review the subtraction. Below are some details on that subtraction.
Basically, some states (PA, for example) tax contributions to retirement plans even though those contributions are not taxed at the federal level. In those state the distributions are then not taxed whereas at the federal level they are taxed. VA conforms to the federal rules and taxes distributions, but then allows a deduction for the contribution amount that was taxed by another state that you may have lived in and made taxable contributions while living there.
" A Virginia subtraction is allowed for individuals who receive distributions from retirement plans when they contribute to and are taxed by another state.
Conditions for Qualification:
Contributions must have been made to an IRS Qualified Plan (a qualified pension, stock bonus, or profit-sharing plan as described by IRC Section 401, an individual retirement account or annuity established under IRC Section 408, a deferred compensation plan as defined by IRC Section 457, or a federal government retirement program.)
- the contributions must have been deductible for federal income tax purposes
- the contributions occurred in another state
- the contributions must have been subject to income tax in another state"
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