If your efile did not go though then the IRS (or state) didn't get the payment instructions to debit your account or charge your credit card. You still need to pay. Look at the mail instructions to see how you are suppose to pay now.
How to pay the IRS
https://ttlc.intuit.com/community/tax-payments/help/how-can-i-pay-my-federal-taxes/01/26212
Pay the IRS directly at
https://www.irs.gov/payments
Your only proof of payment is your bank statement or credit card showing the payment coming out. Turbo Tax will always show the tax due or refund. That is just the final result on your tax return. Your return on Turbo Tax is not updated when you paid the tax due. The IRS doesn't tell Turbo Tax anything about your return. After Turbo Tax transmits your return they are done with their part.
