After you file

You can get that transcript from the IRS online using your own Social Security number.  Or for a fee of $50 you can get an actual copy of the tax return.  As for "claiming" you-- a spouse can never be claimed as a dependent.  When you are a married couple, you can file a joint return and claim your child as a dependent.  
Obtaining the transcript from the IRS will not get your spouse in "trouble" if that is what you are worried about.  You have every right to know what was filed with your name on it, as your divorce attorney will also tell you.  If he filed a joint return, then the tax refunds had YOUR name on them, too.  The IRS issues tax returns for joint returns to both of the people whose names are on the return.  Sorry you are married to someone you cannot trust.  Sounds like it time for you start learning about taxes and finances for yourself.
**Disclaimer: Every effort has been made to offer the most correct information possible. The poster disclaims any legal responsibility for the accuracy of the information that is contained in this post.**