After you file

TurboTax does not do that because it would be illegal.  You might regard the program looking up offsets to your refund as a convenience but there are several federal crime-fighting agencies that would disagree with you.  No software company can use your personal information such as your Social Security number to go online and search for offsets.

If you are talking about a Tax agency withholding a refund to pay prior taxes owed, the program can only tell you what you owed in a prior year by directing you to your prior year return.  You would indeed have to know whether you already paid it or not.