When you enroll in a Marketplace plan you are asked for your estimated income for the year. This is what they base your Advanced Premium Tax Credit off of. The Advanced Premium Tax Credit is the reason you have a $0 monthly premium.
When tax time comes, the Advanced Premium tax credit is reconciled with your actual income for the year. If your income is greater than you reported when you filled out the application for insurance, then you may have to pay some or all of the tax credit back.
If your household income is more than 400% of the Federal Poverty Level, then you will be required to repay the entire amount of premiums that you received in advanced that you were not eligible for due to too much income. If your household income is less than 400% of the Federal poverty level, then you may have to pay back some but not necessarily all of the credit you were not eligible for that you received in advance.
If your income changes at all during the year, or if your living situation changes, you should report that to Healthcare.gov as soon as possible to avoid having to pay too much back.
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