There are no physical signatures on an e-filed return. An e-filed return is "signed" electronically by entering each of their 2023 AGI amounts from their 2023 Form 1040 line 11. Or if they have an IP PIN from the IRS you will also include that. If for some reason they want to file by mail, then they use pens and each of them signs and dates the Form 1040 on the line that says "Sign here."
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