1.Yes, you can file MFJ on the federal.
MFS eliminates some credits so it can be a harsh way to file. If you have rental income, retirement funds, or kids, I would really advise you look into how much you could lose.
PA and NY are both part of a larger state agreement, NESTOA, that understands dual domiciles. Each state taxes their portion of the earned income.
2. If you file a federal joint, you can file MFS or MFJ with both states.
If you file federal as MFS and HOH, then you would file:
- MFS and HOH for NY
- MFS or MFJ for PA.
References:
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