Get your taxes done using TurboTax

I don't think you fully  understand.  You still need to pay the current tax due for 2023 by April 15, 2024 next month. 

Then for the 2024 return that you file next year in 2025 you need to pay in at least 90% of your 2023 tax liability on 1040 line 24 by withholding or estimates.  The four 1040ES quarterly estimates are due
April 15, 2024
June 17, 2024
Sept 16, 2024
Jan 15, 2025

So in April you need to pay the 2023 tax due and the 1st quarter 2024 estimated payment.

There is no other "10%".  The 90% is just to avoid any penalty on next year's return.  Then when you file 2024 return in 2025 you will either have a tax due or a refund.  The 2024 return and tax due are due on April 15, 2025.

If your income goes down in 2024 you may get a refund for some of the estimates you paid in.  Will you be getting any retirement income or Social Security?  

Hope this helps.  Hope I didn't confuse you more.