Get your taxes done using TurboTax

Yes, since you are filing as a resident alien for 2023, you need to report the 1042 S income as self-employment income and report all the expenses that you incurred with the work. In addition, you may claim a foreign tax credit on the income that was taxed by Japan.

1. Open or continue your return.
2. Select Search, enter schedule c and select the Jump to schedule c.
   • Or go to Wages & Income and select Start or Revisit next to Self-employment income and expenses under Self-Employment.
3. Answer Yes to Did you have any self-employment income or expenses?
   • If you've already entered self-employment work and need to enter more, select Add another line of work.
4. Follow the on-screen instructions to enter your Schedule C.
5. In the section where you would enter income, indicate this is other income that is not 1099 NEC or 1099 MISC.

Continue through the section until it is complete.

To claim a foreign tax credit.

1. Go to Federal
2. Deductions and credits 
3. Estimate and other taxes paid 
4. Foreign Tax Credit>start or revisit
5. When it asks We just need to check if you have any uncommon situations indicate I paid foreign taxes on income I earned while working in another country. 
6. Navigate and record the entries that the program asks for and when you reach the page that mentions Foreign Tax Credit Worksheet, this is where you take notice.
7. The first that you will be asked is what category of income is it, you will say General Category income.
8. Next screen will say Country Summary, select add a country 
9. When it says Other Gross Income - XXXX, Here you put in the Gross Amount you earned in that country. 
10. Then you will navigate through the screens until you come to a screen that says Foreign Taxes Paid - XXXX, here is where you record the amount paid under Foreign Taxes.
11. Finish out the section.  

As an FYI, i have included a link that may be of interest to you.

 the self-employed expenses you can deduct and where to enter them.