Thanks @Vanessa A for the detailed answer and outlining the steps!
Just curious, if someone has the status of an F-1 student for the entirety of 2023 and also a resident alien for tax purposes the entire year, but worked off-campus full-time for a company on CPT/OPT, would they still be able to claim the $5000 exemption? Does the tax treaty or some other tax codes require the exemption to be only applied to income from on-campus employment (such as a university research/teaching assistant)?
