NY taxes distributions from a 401K like the feds so the state will not also tax the contributions following the feds. https://www.tax.ny.gov/pit/file/information_for_seniors.htm
Yes, money withdrawn from pensions and 401(k)s, 403(b)s and IRAs are combined and taxed as regular income. Tax rates run from 4 percent to 10.9 percent, just like for other income. But federal, New York state pensions and military retirement pay are tax-exempt. https://states.aarp.org/new-york/state-taxes-guide#:~:text=Yes%2C%20money%20withdrawn%20from%20pensi....
