Assuming you are a US Citizen with my answers.
1. Does my pay during such US trips count towards "Income Earned in U.S. on Business" - a question on "Trips abroad" page of FEI. Yes, if you are physically present in the US doing work, it counts as income earned in the US.
a) If yes, should I prorate my pay for the travel period ? If no, then its a zero and I report my entire earnings as FEI. Yes, you would prorate your pay for the travel period based on the days you worked in the US.
b) If yes, does this income qualify for QBI then ? "Income that is not effectively connected with the conduct of business within the United States" is not qualified for the QBI. If the income IS connected with the business here in the US, and if it meets the rest of the criteria for the QBI deduction, then yes, it would qualify.
2. What will my "Foreign Gross profit" be ? Is it the entire overseas income (1099 - NEC earnings) or should I exclude the business expenses ? Are you taking the foreign earned income credit or the foreign earned income exclusion? Your business expenses are deducted from your income in one form or another, however, your answers to questions such as did you pay foreign taxes, the amount you made, whether you are a foreign resident (you may have been in the US too many days to pass the Physical Presence Test depending on other factors) so the best thing to do is to walk through the Foreign Income section to see what you qualify for and what works best for you.
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