Yes. If you are filing a joint return your refund can be seized to pay your spouse's delinquent child support. You cannot shield it by trying to use it to pay next year's taxes. You can try filing as an injured spouse to protect the part of the refund that can be attributed to the income you received.
INJURED SPOUSE
https://ttlc.intuit.com/questions/1910698-how-do-i-file-form-8379-injured-spouse-allocation
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