Retirement tax questions

The payment made on 1-1-2017 for your mortgage will not be on the 2016 taxes.  

Any interest deducted has to be actually paid during that tax year, so the 1-1-2017 payment for interest would be deducted on the 2017 return. 

Your mortgage company should be issuing you a 1098 Mortgage interest paid statement.  Use that information.