Are you using the Keogh, SEP and SIMPLE Contribution Worksheet?
Deductible contributions to the solo 401(k) reduce the amount of compensation left to support an IRA contribution. The sum of the deductible portion of self-employment taxes, the self-employed retirement deduction and the IRA contribution are not permitted to exceed your net profit from self-employment.
The employee and employer portion of the Solo 401k contribution is reported on line 15 of Schedule 1. There is a direct connection from Schedule C to Schedule 1. For example, you report business (earned income) from Schedule C on line 3 of Schedule 1. Then, as part of the Schedule 1 calculation, the employer contribution to your Solo 401k becomes part of your adjusted income. Afterward, that is subtracted out of your taxable income. Finally, report adjusted income on line 8a of Schedule 1 on your 1040 form.
Here's more info on Calculating your own retirement plan contribution and deduction.
Here's more discussion on Employer Contribution for Solo 401K.
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