Retirement tax questions

Thank you for your help and reply.

I paid 5% state and 15% federal taxes on the traditional Ira dollars at the time of the conversion in May after meeting my RMD requirements for the year.  I wanted to net about $26000 added to the Roth so the gross amount was about $33722 and $6718 in taxes paid in May 2024.

so I don’t understand the Roth IRA penalty.