"My best guess is that TT didn't log the January 2024 traditional IRA contribution and subsequent rollover as one for 2023"
A traditional IRA contribution made fore 2023 was required to have been reported on your 2023 tax return as either deductible (Schedule 1 line 20) or nondeductible (Form 8606 line 1). If you failed to enter the contribution, you would need to amend your 2023 tax return. If the traditional IRA contribution was deductible and reported on Schedule 1 line 20, that contribution created no basis in nondeductible traditional IRA contributions and you would also have to amend if you wanted to change that to being nondeductible. Whatever amount is on line 14 of the 2023 Form 8606 carries forward to line 2 of your 2024 Form 8606.
Also make sure that you did not somehow report on your 2023 tax return a Roth conversion done in 2024.
Any Roth conversions done in 2024 are reportable on your 2024 tax return. It doesn't matter when the funds being converted were originally contributed.
