That question is referring to any nondeductible contributions that were made in 2022 or prior. Your 'yes' or 'no' answer depends on whether you have made any nondeductible contributions in the past, but not including the one that was made for the 2023 tax year.
You will be reporting the 2023 nondeductible Traditional IRA contribution as part of your 2023 tax return and you would not include that information at the prompt you are asking about.
Since you made the Traditional IRA contribution in 2024 for your 2023 tax year, you can only report the first half of the back door Roth IRA conversion on your 2023 tax return. The second half will be on your 2024 tax return.
When you convert a Traditional IRA to a Roth IRA, the conversion is reported on your return based on the calendar date of the conversion. It is not associated with a particular tax year (like 2023). Since the conversion took place in 2024, it will be reported on your 2024 tax return after you have received the 2024 Form 1099-R showing the Traditional IRA distribution.
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