You can't withdraw money from the HSA that isn't there, so what happens is that the excess amount that you were unable to withdraw carries over to the next year and incurs a 6% excise tax on form 5329.
P.S. the 6% excise tax is actually 6% of the SMALLER of the amount of the carryover or the amount in your HSA on December 31st of the tax year (currently, 2023).
If in tax year 2024, you are still under the HDHP coverage, then make sure to reduce what you might contribute by the amount that is being carried over. The carryover will count as a "personal" HSA contribution in tax year 2024 and will be "used up", stopping the carryover.
NOTE, this will require some work on your part:
1. determining the amount of the carryover.
2. determining how much you can contribute in 2024 without going over the annual limit in light of the contribution in step #1.
3. making sure that any contribution from your employer and payroll deduction from you does not push you over the limit.
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