If you did not receive any of the 5-year payout in 2022, I agree, you should not have received a Form 1099-R reporting any distribution. I think that your suspicion that they confused you with another beneficiary who received a lump-sum payout is plausible, but it's hard to imagine how there could be a disconnect between the issuing of the check to that beneficiary and the reporting on Forms 1099-R.
In filing a substitute Form 1099-R it would help to know if such other beneficiary actually did not receive a Form 1099-R and you could add that information to your explanation (and inform that beneficiary that the taxable income needs to be included on their 2022 tax return). The problem is that any such information would have to come from the other beneficiaries themselves because the insurance company should not be telling you anything about other beneficiaries (only that their are other beneficiaries).
