you are a little early. the sale seems to have been in 2022 so it goes on the 2022 tax return due 4/15/2023.
for 2023, you will not have federal penalties if your withholding and timely estimate tax payments are 90% of your 2022 tax or 100% of your 2021 tax (110% if your 2021 adjusted gross income was over $150,000
yes you can pay now, but it's difficult to calculate what your 2022 tax bill will be,
safe could be paying in federal taxes equal to 20% of your gain. but that's just a guess.
you can send in a form 1040 ES or use IRS direct pay
