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Investors & landlords
Sorry for the late response. I hope this answer would still help since you may still face similar issues for 2020.
The short answer is that there's no allocation of loss (probably) in the way you have imagined. You likely have made an incorrect assumption about how nonresident tax is handled.
Let's consider a simpler situation: you are a full year state B resident and you have rental income from your state A property. You should file state A nonresident return and state B resident return.
State A can only tax income from sources within state A, including rental income from state A. Standard/itemized deduction is typically calculated as if you were a state A resident, and then apportioned to state A based on the ratio of your gross income from state A and that from all sources. If the rental is a loss, then you pay zero tax to state A for that tax year. But I don't know if you still need to file a return to state A because you would need to claim expenses to claim the loss. I think it's always safe to file rather than not.
State B can tax your income from all sources, regardless of where the source is. This is because your are a state B resident. Whether the rental property is in state A or B doesn't usually affect most part of your state B return. A common affected part is that, in absence of a pertinent reciprocity agreements between the two states, your state A income tax may reduce your state B income tax via an "other tax credit" to prevent taxation over the same income twice by two states. But if it's a loss and you pay zero tax to state A, then the situs (location) of the rental property usually doesn't matter for state B tax return purpose.
If it is part-year, then effectively, you do your tax as a state A resident for the duration before you became a state B resident, and for the rest of the year as a state B resident.
Answers are correct to the best of my knowledge when posted, but should not be considered to be legal or tax advice.