1. Quarterly taxes you pay are based on the amount of taxable income received for that quarter. So if you send the IRS at least 20% of your gain, you'll be fine come tax time. If the gains on the sale will make your total taxable income for the year more than $201,050 then send the IRS 25%. (See the tax brackets for MFJ at https://taxfoundation.org/data/all/federal/2024-tax-brackets/)
For your state, send a percentage equal to the highest tax rate to be safe. Generally, state tax rates are lower than federal rates.
2. Since recaptured depreciation is taxed at a maximum of 25% at the federal level, that's what I'd send to the IRS. If your rate turns out to be lower, that just means you get some of it refunded at tax filing time.
3. Recapture is required at the state level for GA.
4. Can't speak for the state. But at the federal level you "will" pay taxes on the recaptured depreciation, as that is not included in the capital gains tax exemption.
